From Slag to Functional Material: Reassessing the Engineering Value of Metallurgical Slag under High-Temperature Abrasive Conditions
Within the closed-loop ecosystem of the metallurgical industry, slag has long been regarded as a troublesome by-product. However, as tribology, high-temperature materials science, and surface engineering converge, the physicochemical characteristics of metallurgical slag—encompassing blast furnace slag, converter slag, electric arc furnace slag, and ladle refining slag—are being systematically deconstructed and functionally reconfigured. For metallurgical equipment directly exposed to molten slag scouring, thermal shock cycling, and abrasive wear, slag serves both as the processed medium and as a “touchstone” for assessing equipment reliability. This article provides a layered, engineering-oriented analysis of how slag properties affect the selection of bushings, liners, and friction components, offering actionable references for plant engineers and procurement decision-makers.